Bunions Specialist

What are bunions?

Bunions occur as a bony hump on the side of the big toe which causes discomfort. The hump causes the big toe to drift inward toward the other toes. The joint where the toe bends when walking is also affected by a bunion and it can make walking painful. Bunions are also susceptible to pressure and friction caused by certain types of shoes and how they rub on the toe. Calluses often develop on the side of the big toe where the shoe is rubbing.

What causes bunions?

Bunions can be hereditary and problems can increase as people age. Compromised or poorly developed foot structure can also contribute to the formation of bunions as well as other situations which put pressure on the toes. Ballerinas frequently develop bunions because of the pointe shoes they wear and many women develop them from wearing high heels and pointed toe shoes. Arthritis also contributes to the development of bunions.

What treatments are used to address bunions?

• First, the severity of the bunion needs to be determined. The doctor will start by ordering x-rays and assessing the patient’s foot. A blood sample may also be collected to determine if arthritis is playing a role. Based on the evaluation, the doctor might suggest:
• Inserts and orthopedic shoes- for milder bunions, switching shoes or inserting orthotic devices into the shoes can assist to move the foot back into its correct position.
• Medications- painkillers and anti-inflammatories can treat the pain and inflammation. Over-the-counter drugs are typically employed first and if unsuccessful prescription medications can be provided. 
• Surgery- when everyday activities and duties are made impossible by the bunion, surgery is typically a must. The surgeon will realign the bone beneath the big toe by creating small incisions in the neighboring ligaments. Wires and screws may be used to hold the toe in place throughout healing, though not very often. Excess bone tissue can also be excised. For most patients, the procedure takes roughly an hour.